Larva a large plumosus-type larva (length: Female 16.0 - 25.0 mm; Male 15.6 - 24.2 mm), anterior pair of ventral tubules usually shorter (Female: Ant. 3.12 mm (1.60 - 4.44), Post. 3.37 mm (1.60 - 4.52); Male: Ant. 2.51 mm (1.60 - 3.52), Post. 2.78 mm (1.48 - 3.68)). Ventral head length about 418 micron (355 - 475); width of head capsule greater than 0.85mm (Hilsenhoff & Narf 1968). Gular region dark, frontoclypeus pale or slightly darkened. Mentum with somewhat rounded teeth; centre tooth quite broad, c2 teeth well developed and very pointed (type II); fourth laterals slightly reduced (type I-II). Central part of anterior margin of ventromental plates crenulate; about 88 - 99 striae). Antenna with relatively long basal segment compared to total length of antenna, AR 2.1 - 2.4, and about 3.55 (3.5 - 3.75) times as long as wide, ratio of segments (micron) 156 : 34 : 10 : 13 : 7. Basal tooth of mandible lighter than other teeth (type II).
Identification: The larva of this species can be recognized by the combination of characters: large plumosus-type; dark gula but pale frontoclypeus; greater than 80 striae on ventromentum, which has a crenullated anterior margin.
Cytology: 3 pairs of chromosomes with a modified thummi arm combination AB, CD, GEF.
Arm G region generally unpaired with a large nucleolus; bands distal to nucleolus
often not clear. Arm B with a nucleolus just distal to the 4 characteristic bands.
Inversion polymorphism in all arms except G.
sta A1: 1-2c, 10-12, 3-2d, 9-4, 13-19; i.e. as holomelas
1
sta A2: 1 - 2c 10, 5e - 9, 2d - 3, 12 - 11, 5d - 4, 13 - 19
sta B1: Puff with distal dark bands (groups 8 - 7) about middle of arm.
sta B2: Puff with proximal dark bands (group 7 - 8) near distal end of arm.
sta B3: Puff approximately as sta B2.
sta B4: Puff with proximal dark bands (group 7 - 8) about 1/3 from distal end of arm.
sta C1: 1 - 6c, 11 - 8, 15 - 11, 6gh, 17a - 16, 7d-a, 6f-c, 17b - 22 ie. as aberratus, pilicornis, tenuistylus, etc.
sta D1: 1a-c, 16 - 11, 3 - 1d, 17 - 18d, 4 - 6d, 18e - 20, 7 - 10, 21 - 24
sta E1: 1 - 3e, 5 - 10b, 4 - 3f, 10c - 13; i.e. as cingulatus, plumosus,
etc.
sta E2: 4g-h, 10b - 5, 3e - 1, 4f - 3f, 10c - 13
sta F1: 1 - 6a, 11 - 17, 6c-b, 9 - 6d, 10, 18 - 23
sta F2: 1a-c 9b-f, 6b-c, 17 - 11, 6a - 1d, 9a - 6d, 10, 18 - 23
sta F3: 1a-c, 9b-f, 6b-c,17-14f, 6d-9a, 1d-6a, 11 - 14e, 10 18 - 23 i.e. from staF2
sta F4: 1a-c, 9b-f, 6b-c, 17 - 14f, 1d - 6a, 11 - 14e, 9a - 6d, 10, 18 - 23 i.e from staF2
Click here for the polytene chromosome map
Pupal exuvia: Cephalothorax blackish-brown, abdomen pale yellowish brown with darker markings. Female: length about 9.5 - 13.0 mm, 7 - 13 spines on spur. Male: length about 9.3 - 13.0 mm, 7 - 11 spines on spur.
Found: Numerous localities in N. A.:
British Columbia - Royal Oak & Victoria (Townes 1945)
Labrador - Hopedale (Townes 1945)
Northwest Territories - Cameron Bay on Great Slave Lake (Townes 1945)
Manitoba - Southern Indian Lake (Rosenberg et al., 1984); Aweme (Townes 1945).
Ontario - Copanspin Farm, Dunrobin; Lac Deschenes, Central Experimental Farm and
Hogs Back,Ottawa; South March (all Carleton Co.); Lake Potier, w. Sudbury; Clarke Lake,
Algonquin Prov. Park.
Quebec - Rowyn-Noranda.
Saskatchewan - Oungre Memorial Park.
Alabama - Auburn Univerity pond.
California - Lake Davis, Plumas Co.; Prosser reservoir, Nevada Co.
District of Columbia - Washington (Townes 1945)
Idaho - Moscow (Townes 1945)
Illinois - 3.5 ml n.e. Mahomet, Champaign Co.; Burlington (Townes 1945)
Indiana - Myers Lake; Crooked Lake, Noble Co.
Iowa - Davenport & Mt. Pleasant (Townes 1945)
Kansas - Lawrence, Douglas Co. (Townes 1945)
Louisiana - Many, Sabine Pa; Mound (Townes 1945).
Massachusetts - Lake Pleasant, Franklin Co.; Amherst & Cambridge (Townes 1945)
Michigan - Detroit (Townes 1945)
Minnesota - Anderson Lake, Clearwater Co.; Bad Axe Lake, Hubbard Co.; Eagle Creek, Eagle Bend, Todd Co.; St. Paul (Townes 1945)
Missouri - Atherton, Charleston & St. Louis (all Townes 1945)
New Hampshire - Berlin (Townes 1945)
New Jersy - Riverton (Townes 1945)
New Mexico - Eagle Nest Lake, Colfax Co.; Hondo Valley, and Rio Bonito, 2 ml. e Bonito Lake,
Lincoln Co.
New York - Barge canal, nr Knowlesville, Orleans Co.; McLean, Sea Cliff & Syricuse (last 3
Townes 1945)
North Carolina - Raleigh (Townes 1945)
North Dakota - McVille Dam, Nelson Co.
Pennsylvania - Pottstown (Townes 1945)
South Dakota - Yankton; Lake Francis Case; Gavins Point National Fish Hatchery; Ardmore (Townes
1945).
Tennessee 10-Mile Creek, Knox Co.; Beaver Creek and Clinch River (Mile 20.8), Oak Ridge.
Washington - Port Townsend & Seattle (Townes 1945)
Wisconsin - Reeder Farm, Madison, Dane Co.; Freibauer Lake, Bayfield Co.; East Horsehead Lake,
Oneida Co.; Grand Portage Lake, Iron Co.
Greenland - Egedesminde (Type specimens) (Townes 1945)
Often in lakes but also present in shallow permanent pools. Martin and Wülker (1971)
suggest these may represent seperate species.
Morphology and cytology has been described by Wülker et al. (1971) and the patterns of arm C and D in Kiknadze et al. (2004). Species 4 of Wülker.